By Susan Sales Harkins and Drew Wutka
An Access database often outgrows its original purpose. When that happens, you face applying band-aid technology or upgrading to a more powerful database system, such as SQL Server Express or even SQL Server. But before you toss Access out the window and start signing purchase orders for consultants, developers, licensing, and new hardware, consider one more option—turning your Access application into a Web-based application. Let's look at some reasons why this might make sense.
Shameless disclaimer: If you truly need a more powerful database system and can afford its trappings, spend and grow!
Client versus server
A server-side database, such as MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle, evaluates requests on the server side (sent in the form of a SQL statement) and then returns data to the client. Jet, on the other hand, lets the client do all the work. Jet is the database engine behind Access. Even if the database (.mdb) is on a network server, the client still does all the work. The server simply responds to client file requests.
This arrangement retrieves more then just the data across the network. As a result, indexes and unused data clog the network and slow things down. An alternative is to place the Access database on your Web server's local drive and then build the interface on the Web server. Doing so creates an ad hoc server-side database that handles transactions on the server (using your code). Requests from the client are in Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) format instead of SQL.
Recommendation: Put the Access database (the .mdb file) in a folder that isn't shared. That way, users won't have direct access to the database. Their only access will be via the Web server. Your code will serve as the layer that allows users to interact with the actual data.
No client installation
A Web-based front end minimizes installation issues. Users need only a browser. The database doesn't care whether the user is sending requests via a Windows PC, a Mac, or a machine running Linux.
Easy cross-platform usage
You're free to use your language of choice to create the Web interface and the code that the server users to interact with the database. Users get clean and standard HTML that almost all browsers can use.
Recommendation: Keep the Web interface simple to ensure that everyone can use it. If you need the advantages of client-side tools, such as client side scripting, Flash media, and so on, go for it. Just keep in mind that not every HTML feature works in every browser. The back end can be as complex as necessary because the Web server is the only one using it.
Simplified security
Storing the database in a non-shared folder (see #1) restricts access. Only the Web server's administrator has access to the database file. That leaves security to the Web server. Now, you might argue either way as to whether this method is more or less secure than a server-side database. However, someone with direct access to a machine with a server-side database could probably also gain direct access to that database.
In addition, a server-side database requires a network connection. An Access database on a Web server isn't directly available. You can access the Web server, but not the database. Only the Web server can access the database on the server's local drive. On the other hand, Access has a security system known as Access User Level security (this isn't available with Access 2007). Most server-side database security systems are more secure than Access User Level security.
Recommendation: Even though you impose an almost absolute-type form of security by placing a database on a Web server, it can't hurt to apply Access User Level security. The database is still an .mdb that you can copy and open on any machine that has Access installed. As a developer, you will probably have local copies of that .mdb (and copies on backup tapes for your Web server). Be on the safe side and keep honest people honest by putting a little extra security in place. Users via the Web interface won't even know the additional security is there.
Easy use of NT authentication
Using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), you can determine the NT name of users logged into an Access database and thereby restrict which users can do what. However, this method isn't foolproof, and it doesn't truly authenticate users. Your Web interface (on an IIS Web server) can use Integrated Windows Security to authenticate user credentials to individual Web pages
Goodbye to corruption!
Most developers complain that Access is susceptible to corruption. Used incorrectly, it certainly is. With an Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS) and redundant drives, your Web-based database (.mdb file) won't suffer from corruption
No version problems
With the quick pace of upgrades, many of us have users spread across two and three versions of Access. Unfortunately, not all versions play well together. A Web interface eliminates version incompatibility issues because the Web server uses Jet. That means the Web server doesn't even need Access—it doesn't load Access. Your Web server doesn't care what version of Access the client uses.
Live, behind-the-scenes interface updates
To update an Access front end, you must copy or modify an .mdb file. Access won't let you make changes while people are using it. (Beginning with Access 2000, you can make some changes, but a few still require exclusive access to the database.) In contrast, you can change the Web interface files (.asp, .aspx, and so on) whenever you like. The changes are almost immediate.
Portability
Every Windows OS since Windows 98 has had personal Web server capabilities. That means you can develop and test a Web site using a laptop running Windows 98 (or later). Using an Access database as the data source has a few benefits:
• There's no need to install and run a heavy-duty server-side database on your laptop.
• There's no need to maintain a network connection to a live server.
• You can copy the live system and its database as just a bunch of files. You don't have to import, export, or attach database files. For example, you can build a Web site on your laptop or desktop and then move it to a Web server. To work on an update, simply copy the Access database file (.mdb) from the Web server to your laptop.
Recommendation: Jet allows many transaction type SQL statements. You can build and modify tables and views using SQL, along with the typical data reading and altering capabilities. Sometimes, if you put a system on a remote server where you no longer have the ability to get to the actual .mdb, it's pretty simple to whip up an .asp page that lets you run SQL on the fly against the database.
More users
By their very nature, Web interfaces are unbound. In other words, once a page is loaded, the interface is no longer connected to the database. But a bound Access front end maintains a connection to the source, and Jet limits you to 255 concurrent connections. Your Web application, unless you have 255 users hitting the database at the exact same moment (which would require approximately 30,000 users a minute at a transactions speed of .5 seconds) can have more concurrent users.
Susan Sales Harkins is an independent consultant and the author of several articles and books on database technologies. Her most recent book is Mastering Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express, with Mike Gunderloy, published by Sybex. Other collaborations with Gunderloy are Automating Microsoft Access 2003 with VBA, Upgrader’s Guide to Microsoft Office System 2003, ICDL Exam Cram 2, and Absolute Beginner's Guide to Microsoft Access 2003, all published by Que. Currently, Susan volunteers as the Publications Director for Database Advisors. You can reach her at ssharkins@gmail.com.
Drew Wutka is a Microsoft Access/Visual Basic/Web developer for Marlow Industries, Inc. He also does independent contract development and has developed many free projects, such as the Microsoft Access MiniCalendar, the Dynamic FrontPage Navigation ASP Sitemap, and the Password Enabled Enigma Encryption VB program. You can reach Drew at Drew@wolfwares.com.
Wednesday, July 16, 2008
10+ tips for getting the best performance out of your SQL Server data types
By Susan Sales Harkins
Data integrity and performance are the driving force behind almost every decision you make during the design and development process. Defining appropriate data types is one of the easiest ways to let SQL Server help you help yourself.
Size matters
Always use the smallest data size that will accommodate the largest possible value. If a column is going to store values between 1 and 5, use tinyint instead of int. This rule also applies to character columns. The smaller the data size, the less there is to read, so performance, over all, benefits. In addition, smaller size reduces network traffic. With newer technology, this tip seems less relevant, but don't dismiss it out of hand. You'll won't regret being efficient from the get-go.
Bad primary keys
Don't use float, real, or datetime for primary keys. They add overhead that you just don't need, and given the nature of primary keys, you will probably feel the pinch.
Usurp SQL Server assumptions
When converting a value to a variable length data type using varchar, always specify the length. Otherwise, SQL Server assumes a default size of 30. Specify the smallest size possible (see #1).
Faster sorts
To speed up frequent sorts, use an int (or an integer-based) data type if possible. SQL Server sorts integer data faster than character data.
Efficient strings
The text data type accommodates a lot of data but at a cost. Unfortunately, I have seen developers use it by default. For those large columns, use varchar instead; it accommodates up to 8,000 characters and requires less overhead. Consequently, varchar performs better.
The varchar instead of char trade off
It's best to limit a text column, but knowing just how much can be difficult. If the data varies in length, it can be more efficient to use varchar than char. A fixed-length data type will waste space on smaller entries. In addition, sorts against a varchar column are usually faster. That's because SQL Server sorts the entire width of a char column.
Don't store NULL in fixed-length columns
Try not to allow NULL values in a fixed-length column. NULL consumes the same space an input value would. Those NULL values will add up quickly in a large column. If you must accommodate NULL values, use a variable-length column. They use less space for NULL.
Avoid bigint
SQL Server's bigint uses 8 bytes of memory. In comparison, int uses just 4. Don't use bigint unless the data forces you to.
Avoid sql_variant
Avoid using SQL Server's sql_variant data type. It's a memory hog and comes with limits that make it difficult to work with:
• Variants can't be part of a primary or foreign key.
• Variants can't be part of a computed column.
• Variants don't work with LIKE in a WHERE clause.
• OLE DB and ODBC providers automatically convert variants to nvarchar(4000) a huge waste almost 100% of the time!
When numbers are really text
It's common to store numeric values as text. For instance, you won't (mathematically) evaluate a ZIP Code or a phone number, so you might store them as text. However, numeric data types generally consume less overhead to store the same value as a character data type. You'll probably notice a difference between the two data types in a WHERE clause, a sort, or a join.
Data integrity and performance are the driving force behind almost every decision you make during the design and development process. Defining appropriate data types is one of the easiest ways to let SQL Server help you help yourself.
Size matters
Always use the smallest data size that will accommodate the largest possible value. If a column is going to store values between 1 and 5, use tinyint instead of int. This rule also applies to character columns. The smaller the data size, the less there is to read, so performance, over all, benefits. In addition, smaller size reduces network traffic. With newer technology, this tip seems less relevant, but don't dismiss it out of hand. You'll won't regret being efficient from the get-go.
Bad primary keys
Don't use float, real, or datetime for primary keys. They add overhead that you just don't need, and given the nature of primary keys, you will probably feel the pinch.
Usurp SQL Server assumptions
When converting a value to a variable length data type using varchar, always specify the length. Otherwise, SQL Server assumes a default size of 30. Specify the smallest size possible (see #1).
Faster sorts
To speed up frequent sorts, use an int (or an integer-based) data type if possible. SQL Server sorts integer data faster than character data.
Efficient strings
The text data type accommodates a lot of data but at a cost. Unfortunately, I have seen developers use it by default. For those large columns, use varchar instead; it accommodates up to 8,000 characters and requires less overhead. Consequently, varchar performs better.
The varchar instead of char trade off
It's best to limit a text column, but knowing just how much can be difficult. If the data varies in length, it can be more efficient to use varchar than char. A fixed-length data type will waste space on smaller entries. In addition, sorts against a varchar column are usually faster. That's because SQL Server sorts the entire width of a char column.
Don't store NULL in fixed-length columns
Try not to allow NULL values in a fixed-length column. NULL consumes the same space an input value would. Those NULL values will add up quickly in a large column. If you must accommodate NULL values, use a variable-length column. They use less space for NULL.
Avoid bigint
SQL Server's bigint uses 8 bytes of memory. In comparison, int uses just 4. Don't use bigint unless the data forces you to.
Avoid sql_variant
Avoid using SQL Server's sql_variant data type. It's a memory hog and comes with limits that make it difficult to work with:
• Variants can't be part of a primary or foreign key.
• Variants can't be part of a computed column.
• Variants don't work with LIKE in a WHERE clause.
• OLE DB and ODBC providers automatically convert variants to nvarchar(4000) a huge waste almost 100% of the time!
When numbers are really text
It's common to store numeric values as text. For instance, you won't (mathematically) evaluate a ZIP Code or a phone number, so you might store them as text. However, numeric data types generally consume less overhead to store the same value as a character data type. You'll probably notice a difference between the two data types in a WHERE clause, a sort, or a join.
Protecting Document with Password
You can protect your document by applying password so that unauthorized person can not display as well as modify your document. You can apply two types of passwords:
Password to open the document:
If it is applied then you have to give the correct password to open the document, otherwise you cannot open the document.
Password to modify the document:
If it is applied then you have to give the correct password to modify the document, otherwise your document is opened but you cannot modify the document. It means that your document becomes read-only.
To apply a password to document, follow these steps.
* Open Save As dialog box by selecting "Save As" command from File menu.
* Click "Tools" button of Save As dialog box and choose "General Options" from drop down menu, "Save" dialog box appears as shown in figure below.
* Enter first password in "Password to open" text box and second password in "Password to modify" text box (if required) and click "Ok" button of dialog box. Microsoft Word will open "Confirm Password" dialog box for the confirmation of passwords. The maximum length of password is 15 characters.
* Re-enter the password to open and password to modify and click "Ok" button of Confirm Password dialog boxes one by one.
* Click "Save" button of Save As dialog box.
Password to open the document:
If it is applied then you have to give the correct password to open the document, otherwise you cannot open the document.
Password to modify the document:
If it is applied then you have to give the correct password to modify the document, otherwise your document is opened but you cannot modify the document. It means that your document becomes read-only.
To apply a password to document, follow these steps.
* Open Save As dialog box by selecting "Save As" command from File menu.
* Click "Tools" button of Save As dialog box and choose "General Options" from drop down menu, "Save" dialog box appears as shown in figure below.
* Enter first password in "Password to open" text box and second password in "Password to modify" text box (if required) and click "Ok" button of dialog box. Microsoft Word will open "Confirm Password" dialog box for the confirmation of passwords. The maximum length of password is 15 characters.
* Re-enter the password to open and password to modify and click "Ok" button of Confirm Password dialog boxes one by one.
* Click "Save" button of Save As dialog box.
Converting from Rollback to Undo
From : http://www.shutdownabort.com
This procedure will drop the existing rollback segments and tablespace, and replace them with an auto-managed undo tablespace.
# 1. Identify the rollback segments and tablespaces to be removed:
select segment_name
, tablespace_name
, status
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
#
# 2. Produce offline and drop statements for each rollback segment:
select 'alter rollback segment ' || segment_name || ' offline;'
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name = '&TS'
and tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
select 'drop rollback segment ' || segment_name || ';'
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name = '&TS'
and tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
Review the output and, if you are happy with it, cut and paste it back into sqlplus.
# 3. Make a note of the old tablespace's size and location, then drop it.
drop tablespace including contents and datafiles
/
# 4. Create a new 'undo' tablespace in place of the old one.
create undo tablespace undo
datafile '' size
extent management local
/
# 5. Update the initialisation parameters
If you are using a spfile (and you should be!) run the following commands:
alter system reset rollback_segments scope=spfile sid='*'
/
alter system set undo_management=auto scope=spfile
/
alter system set undo_tablespace=undo scope=spfile
/
If you are still using a pfile (init.ora) then do the following:
Remove the following settings:
rollback_segments=...
Add/alter these two lines:
undo_management=auto
undo_tablespace=undo
# 6. Restart the instance
Note the location of the alert log. If there is a problem during start-up, you will probably receive nothing more than a message saying 'instance aborted'. The alert log will contain a slightly more detailed explanation.
Restart the instance:
shutdown immediate
startup
Rerun the query from step 1. There will be a whole load of rollback segments with names like '_SYSSMU1$'. This is an indictaion that the instance is now using auto undo.
This procedure will drop the existing rollback segments and tablespace, and replace them with an auto-managed undo tablespace.
# 1. Identify the rollback segments and tablespaces to be removed:
select segment_name
, tablespace_name
, status
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
#
# 2. Produce offline and drop statements for each rollback segment:
select 'alter rollback segment ' || segment_name || ' offline;'
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name = '&TS'
and tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
select 'drop rollback segment ' || segment_name || ';'
from dba_rollback_segs
where tablespace_name = '&TS'
and tablespace_name != 'SYSTEM'
/
Review the output and, if you are happy with it, cut and paste it back into sqlplus.
# 3. Make a note of the old tablespace's size and location, then drop it.
drop tablespace
/
# 4. Create a new 'undo' tablespace in place of the old one.
create undo tablespace undo
datafile '
extent management local
/
# 5. Update the initialisation parameters
If you are using a spfile (and you should be!) run the following commands:
alter system reset rollback_segments scope=spfile sid='*'
/
alter system set undo_management=auto scope=spfile
/
alter system set undo_tablespace=undo scope=spfile
/
If you are still using a pfile (init.ora) then do the following:
Remove the following settings:
rollback_segments=...
Add/alter these two lines:
undo_management=auto
undo_tablespace=undo
# 6. Restart the instance
Note the location of the alert log. If there is a problem during start-up, you will probably receive nothing more than a message saying 'instance aborted'. The alert log will contain a slightly more detailed explanation.
Restart the instance:
shutdown immediate
startup
Rerun the query from step 1. There will be a whole load of rollback segments with names like '_SYSSMU1$'. This is an indictaion that the instance is now using auto undo.
Manual upgrade from 9i to 10g Release 2
http://www.shutdownabort.com
This procedure describes the steps necessary to manually upgrade a database from 9.2.x to 10.2.x. It assumes that you have already installed 10g onto the server. Of course, it is essential that you take a backup of your database before attempting any upgrade.
* 1. Compile any invalid objects
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
* 2. Create a sysaux tablespace
Having a sysaux tablespace is a requirement in 10g. So, if you haven't already got one, create one now.
create tablespace sysaux
datafile '' size 512M
extent management local
segment space management auto
/
* 3. Run utlu102i.sql
This utility script checks that the database is ready to be upgraded to 10g. It also identifies any actions that need to be taken. The script is located in the 10g oracle home, so you will need to specify the full path to it.
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/utlu102i.sql
Review the output and make any necessary alterations. Make a note of how many invalid objects there are.
* 4. Shut the database down with either normal or immediate
shutdown immediate
* 5. Copy the spfile (or pfile) and the password file from the existing home to the 10g one.
cp ${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/*${ORACLE_SID}*/dbs/
* 6. Edit oratab
Alter /etc/oratab (or /var/opt/oracle/oratab) to point to the10g home. Once done, rerun oraenv to bring the alteration into effect.
* 7. Upgrade the database
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
startup upgrade
This next bit is the upgrade itself. It takes roughly half an hour to complete. Spool the output to a file so that you can review it afterward.
@?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql
* 8. Recompile any invalid objects
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
Compare the number of invalid objects with the number noted in step 3. It should hopefully be the same or less.
* 9. Then check the status of the upgrade
@?/rdbms/admin/utlu102s.sql
* 10. Alter or remove initialisation parameters
Temporarily creating a pfile is the easiest way.
create pfile from spfile;
shutdown immediate
vi ${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
Alter/remove parameters identified in step 9. Set compatible to 10.2.0.0.0
startup
create spfile from pfile;
shutdown immediate
startup
That's it!
This procedure describes the steps necessary to manually upgrade a database from 9.2.x to 10.2.x. It assumes that you have already installed 10g onto the server. Of course, it is essential that you take a backup of your database before attempting any upgrade.
* 1. Compile any invalid objects
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
* 2. Create a sysaux tablespace
Having a sysaux tablespace is a requirement in 10g. So, if you haven't already got one, create one now.
create tablespace sysaux
datafile '
extent management local
segment space management auto
/
* 3. Run utlu102i.sql
This utility script checks that the database is ready to be upgraded to 10g. It also identifies any actions that need to be taken. The script is located in the 10g oracle home, so you will need to specify the full path to it.
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/utlu102i.sql
Review the output and make any necessary alterations. Make a note of how many invalid objects there are.
* 4. Shut the database down with either normal or immediate
shutdown immediate
* 5. Copy the spfile (or pfile) and the password file from the existing home to the 10g one.
cp ${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/*${ORACLE_SID}*
* 6. Edit oratab
Alter /etc/oratab (or /var/opt/oracle/oratab) to point to the10g home. Once done, rerun oraenv to bring the alteration into effect.
* 7. Upgrade the database
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
startup upgrade
This next bit is the upgrade itself. It takes roughly half an hour to complete. Spool the output to a file so that you can review it afterward.
@?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql
* 8. Recompile any invalid objects
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
Compare the number of invalid objects with the number noted in step 3. It should hopefully be the same or less.
* 9. Then check the status of the upgrade
@?/rdbms/admin/utlu102s.sql
* 10. Alter or remove initialisation parameters
Temporarily creating a pfile is the easiest way.
create pfile from spfile;
shutdown immediate
vi ${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
Alter/remove parameters identified in step 9. Set compatible to 10.2.0.0.0
startup
create spfile from pfile;
shutdown immediate
startup
That's it!
Setting Up Windows Apache HTTP Server - Testing DHTML Menu
Setting up a web server is easier than you think and allows you to experiment with the menu in a testing environment. The operating system you are running will determine which web server you will use. Those using Windows XP Professional will have access to Microsoft’s Internet Information Services (IIS), for all other Windows systems (including XP Home Edition) we recommend using Apache 1.3 HTTP Server.
Here's some help for those thinking of using Apache
Step 1 - Downloading Apache HTTP Server
• To download apache visit http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi and select the executable Win32 Binary (Self extracting) file from the Apache 1.3 section half way down the page. This appears in this format: apache_1.3.31-win32-x86-no_src.exe
• Save the application to your preferred directory.
Step 2 - Installing Apache HTTP Server
• Once the download is complete you will be prompted to open the file. This will initiate the install wizard which will guide you through the setup process.
• Click next, then once you have read the licensing terms select accept and click next again.
• You should now have information about Apache displayed, have a read then click next.
• This is where you give your server a name. A common name for a network domain is test.dev and www.test.dev is often used to name the development server. As this will be your local testing environment you can name it anything you like. Add the administrator’s email address, ensure “Run as a service for All Users” is checked and click next.
• On the setup type page you are given two options, we recommend you select “Complete” and click next.
• By default Apache will be installed to C:\Program Files\Apache Group\ if you wish to change the destination folder you can do so here. Click next.
You are now ready to install Apache HTTP Server, click Install to begin the installation.
It is quite normal for DOS to open, report that Apache is running and close itself while the installation takes place.
• You should then be prompted that the installation has been successful, click finish.
Step 3 - Changing Apache HTTP Server Directory
• Navigate to C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache\conf and you should see a file called httpd.conf
• Open it up and find the references to “DocumentRoot” this will be around line 300 depending which version you have. It should look like something like this:
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot " C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache\htdocs”
• Change the DocumentRoot to the directory you wish to use for your server files by replacing the directory location above to something like: DocumentRoot " C:\servertest”
If you don’t already have a directory containing your web development files, open up the C drive and create a new folder called servertest.
Step 4 - Running Apache HTTP Server
• In your text editor create a page that says “My new web server!” and save it as index.html
• Before we test the page we need to restart apache so from the start menu navigate to: Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Services
• Open Services and find Apache in the services list.
• Right click on Apache and select Restart.
• You can then test your server by opening a browser and visiting http://localhost/ you should see “My new web server!”
• Now you can simulate how your Milonic Menu will work on the web rather than locally.
Here's some help for those thinking of using Apache
Step 1 - Downloading Apache HTTP Server
• To download apache visit http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi and select the executable Win32 Binary (Self extracting) file from the Apache 1.3 section half way down the page. This appears in this format: apache_1.3.31-win32-x86-no_src.exe
• Save the application to your preferred directory.
Step 2 - Installing Apache HTTP Server
• Once the download is complete you will be prompted to open the file. This will initiate the install wizard which will guide you through the setup process.
• Click next, then once you have read the licensing terms select accept and click next again.
• You should now have information about Apache displayed, have a read then click next.
• This is where you give your server a name. A common name for a network domain is test.dev and www.test.dev is often used to name the development server. As this will be your local testing environment you can name it anything you like. Add the administrator’s email address, ensure “Run as a service for All Users” is checked and click next.
• On the setup type page you are given two options, we recommend you select “Complete” and click next.
• By default Apache will be installed to C:\Program Files\Apache Group\ if you wish to change the destination folder you can do so here. Click next.
You are now ready to install Apache HTTP Server, click Install to begin the installation.
It is quite normal for DOS to open, report that Apache is running and close itself while the installation takes place.
• You should then be prompted that the installation has been successful, click finish.
Step 3 - Changing Apache HTTP Server Directory
• Navigate to C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache\conf and you should see a file called httpd.conf
• Open it up and find the references to “DocumentRoot” this will be around line 300 depending which version you have. It should look like something like this:
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot " C:\Program Files\Apache Group\Apache\htdocs”
• Change the DocumentRoot to the directory you wish to use for your server files by replacing the directory location above to something like: DocumentRoot " C:\servertest”
If you don’t already have a directory containing your web development files, open up the C drive and create a new folder called servertest.
Step 4 - Running Apache HTTP Server
• In your text editor create a page that says “My new web server!” and save it as index.html
• Before we test the page we need to restart apache so from the start menu navigate to: Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Services
• Open Services and find Apache in the services list.
• Right click on Apache and select Restart.
• You can then test your server by opening a browser and visiting http://localhost/ you should see “My new web server!”
• Now you can simulate how your Milonic Menu will work on the web rather than locally.
Installation Checklist for Citrix® MetaFrame® Presentation Server, Version 4.0
From : http://azhardino.co.nr/
Citrix® MetaFrame® Presentation Server is the easiest way to manage enterprise applications from a central location and access them from anywhere. The foundation of the MetaFrame Access Suite, Citrix MetaFrame Presentation Server is the world’s most widely deployed presentation server for centrally managing heterogeneous applications and delivering their functionality as a service to workers, wherever they may be.
This checklist includes only the basic requirements for installing and running MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows and its components. For important information to consider before installing Citrix products, please review the readme files and administrator guides for components you plan to install. The readme files and administrator guides are available through the Document Center.
* The Document Center requires Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0.5 with Search or Adobe Reader 6.0 through 7.0. You can download Adobe Reader without charge from Adobe Systems.
* To run the Document Center from the installation CD, open the file /Documentation/document_center.pdf.
Getting started with MetaFrame Presentation Server
To get started with MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows, complete the following steps in sequence. For additional information about each step, please see the remaining sections in this document.
1. Before you install this product, consult the Installation Update Bulletin.
2. Before you install this product, use Windows Update to ensure all servers have been patched with critical updates.
3. Ensure your servers meet all system requirements for components you are installing.
4. Install and configure MetaFrame Access Suite licensing. You must install and configure MetaFrame Access Suite licensing before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server or any component of the MetaFrame Access Suite. See the Readme for Citrix MetaFrame Access Suite Licensing and the MetaFrame Access Suite Licensing Guide, which are also available through the Document Center.
5. Remap server drive letters (if applicable).
6. Install the Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite (Access Suite Console), MetaFrame Presentation Server, and the Management Console for MetaFrame Presentation Server (Presentation Server Console). See the MetaFrame Presentation Server Administrator’s Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
7. Install the Web Interface and its prerequisites. See the Web Interface Administrator’s Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
8. To use new printing features, install the new versions of the clients. See the administrator guides for the clients you are installing. The client administrator guides are available through the Document Center.
9. After you install components, to download and install critical updates, visit the Citrix Hotfixes and Service Packs Web site.
System requirements
Servers Running MetaFrame Access Suite License Server
* Operating systems: Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) or Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
* Disk space requirements: 30MB
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Servers Running License Management Console
* MetaFrame Access Suite License Server
* Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 or Apache 2.0.52.
Servers Running MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows
* Operating systems: Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) with Service Pack 4 Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
* Disk space requirements: 400MB for MetaFrame Presentation Server, Enterprise Edition 50MB for the Management Console for MetaFrame Presentation Server
25MB for the Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite
35MB for the Document Center
* Terminal Services running in application mode.
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
* Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) 3.0. If you do not have MSI 3.0 installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you.
* .NET Framework Version 1.1 with Service Pack 1. Autorun.exe only installs .NET Framework Version 1.1 automatically. You can also install .NET Framework Version 1.1 manually from the Support\dotNet11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
NOTE: Do not install .NET Framework Version 2.0 on systems that are running the Access Suite Console.
* If you are using HP ProtectTools, install them before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Document Center
* Disk space requirements: 2MB
* To view, search, and print the PDF documentation, use Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0.5 with Search or Adobe Reader 6.0 through 7.0. You can download Adobe Reader without charge from Adobe Systems.
Presentation Server Console
* Disk space requirements: 50MB
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite
* Operating systems:
Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) with Service Pack 4
Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
Windows XP Professional
Windows 2000 Professional
* Disk space requirements: 25MB
* .NET Framework Version 1.1 with Service Pack 1. Autorun.exe only installs .NET Framework Version 1.1 automatically. You can also install .NET Framework Version 1.1 manually from the Support\dotNet11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
NOTE: Do not install .NET Framework Version 2.0 on systems that are running the Access Suite Console.
* To run reports from the summary database on farms using Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle Server as data stores or summary databases: Microsoft Data Access Component (MDAC) Version 2.6.
Web Interface
* MetaFrame Access Suite Console 4.0
* ASP.NET and Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 or 6.0 (Windows components)
When you install Windows Server 2003, these components are not installed by default. If you are using Windows Server 2003, before running the Web Interface installer, configure your server by adding the role of Web Server. Then, use your Microsoft Windows Server 2003 installation disk to install ASP.NET and IIS.
If you are using Windows 2000 Server and installed IIS before installing the .NET Framework update, run the ASP.NET registration tool.
* Visual J# .NET Version 1.1. Autorun.exe installs this product automatically. You can also install it manually from the Support\Jsharp11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
Network Manager (an optional component of MetaFrame Presentation Server, Enterprise Edition)
Network Manager supports the following SNMP management consoles:
* Tivoli® NetView® 6.0 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1
* HP OpenView™ Network Node Manager 6.2 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1
* CA Unicenter® TNG 2.4.2 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1, using either the 2D or 3D WorldView
* CA Unicenter TND 3.1 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1, using either the 2D or 3D WorldView.
For CA Unicenter, the Agent Common Services and Windows NT Enterprise Manager must be installed, and the Security Management (secadmin) and trap daemon (catrapd) agents must be active. You can install the Distributed State Machine (DSM), Enterprise Manager, and WorldView on separate computers.
Conferencing Manager
* Disk space requirements: 60MB
* For Guest Attendee feature: Web Interface for MetaFrame Presentation Server 4.0 and MetaFrame Access Suite Console 4.0
* For Microsoft Outlook integration: Exchange Server 5.5 (with Exchange 5.5 CDO Microsoft patch 2657.55), 2000, or 2003; Microsoft Outlook 2000 or 2003
* For Lotus Notes integration: Lotus Domino 5.0.3 through 5.0.12, 6.0.1, and 6.5.x and Lotus Notes 5.0.3 through 5.0.12, 6.0.1, and 6.5.x
Remapping server drive letters
If you intend to change a server's drive letters to allow users to retain their original drive letters on their client devices, do so before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server. If you change server drive letters after installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, you must do so before you install any applications. For more information, please see the MetaFrame Presentation Server Administration Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
Installing MetaFrame Presentation Server
1. Have on hand the name of the MetaFrame Access Suite License Server your installations are to use and know the edition of MetaFrame Presentation Server (Standard, Advanced, or Enterprise) for which you are licensed.
2. If you are running Novell Directory Services (NDS), install the Novell client, configure the appropriate NDS settings, and then install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
3. If you are joining an existing server farm that is configured to use a port number other than the default port (Port 80) for the Citrix XML Service, have the new port number on hand because you must enter it during MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup.
4. Log on to the server as a user with local administrator privileges. Local administrator privileges are required to run Windows installer packages.
5. From the Autorun.exe screen of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD, select Product installations > Install MetaFrame Presentation Server and its components and follow the on-screen instructions.
Creating a new farm
If you are creating a new server farm and plan to use Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or IBM DB2 for the farm data store, complete the following steps before you install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
1. Install and configure the database product on a separate, dedicated server.
2. Install the database client pieces on the servers on which you want to install MetaFrame Presentation Server. Depending on the database product you are planning to use, this involves the following steps:
* For use with Microsoft SQL Server, ensure Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) Version 2.61 with Service Pack 1 is installed on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server.
* For use with Oracle, install the Oracle Client on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server. Restart this server before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup.
* For use with IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version 7.2 with FixPak 5-13, on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, install the matching DB2 Run-Time Client. Before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup, restart the server.
* For use with IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version 8.1 with FixPak 1-7a, on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, install the matching DB2 Run-Time Client. Before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup, restart the server.
3. Have on hand credentials that possess database ownership (DBO) rights. This level of permission is required only once upon initial creation of a new database for the farm data store.
Joining an existing farm
If you are joining an existing server farm, complete the following tasks before you install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
1. Decide whether you want the server to connect to the farm data store directly or through another server running MetaFrame Presentation Server (indirectly). If you choose to connect to the data store indirectly, be sure to have on hand the name of the server through which you connect.
2. Have on hand credentials that possess read/write permissions to the existing farm data store database. MetaFrame Presentation Server uses these credentials on an ongoing basis to read from and update the farm data store.
3. Have on hand MetaFrame Presentation Server administrator credentials with full rights, which during Setup are required to join a server with an existing farm.
Upgrading MetaFrame Presentation Server
The installer for MetaFrame Presentation Server supports:
* Applying service packs to servers running MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0
* Upgrading servers running MetaFrame XP Feature Release 3 or MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0
If you are running MetaFrame 1.8 or a version of MetaFrame XP prior to Feature Release 3, before upgrading to this release of MetaFrame Presentation Server, you must upgrade legacy servers to MetaFrame XP Feature Release 3 or MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0. For information on how to perform these migrations, see MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0 Upgrade and Migration Guide, which is available for download from the Citrix Knowledge Center.
If the server you are upgrading has a MetaFrame Win32 client installed on it that is a version later than the one that is available with the release to which you are upgrading, uninstall the client before upgrading the server. To retain the newer client, re-install it after upgrading the server.
Downloading and Installing Critical Updates
After you install this product, to ensure optimal performance for your installation, download and install Citrix critical hotfixes and service packs for installed components. Citrix also encourages you to revisit this Web site periodically to learn about and download additional critical updates as they become available.
Citrix® MetaFrame® Presentation Server is the easiest way to manage enterprise applications from a central location and access them from anywhere. The foundation of the MetaFrame Access Suite, Citrix MetaFrame Presentation Server is the world’s most widely deployed presentation server for centrally managing heterogeneous applications and delivering their functionality as a service to workers, wherever they may be.
This checklist includes only the basic requirements for installing and running MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows and its components. For important information to consider before installing Citrix products, please review the readme files and administrator guides for components you plan to install. The readme files and administrator guides are available through the Document Center.
* The Document Center requires Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0.5 with Search or Adobe Reader 6.0 through 7.0. You can download Adobe Reader without charge from Adobe Systems.
* To run the Document Center from the installation CD, open the file /Documentation/document_center.pdf.
Getting started with MetaFrame Presentation Server
To get started with MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows, complete the following steps in sequence. For additional information about each step, please see the remaining sections in this document.
1. Before you install this product, consult the Installation Update Bulletin.
2. Before you install this product, use Windows Update to ensure all servers have been patched with critical updates.
3. Ensure your servers meet all system requirements for components you are installing.
4. Install and configure MetaFrame Access Suite licensing. You must install and configure MetaFrame Access Suite licensing before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server or any component of the MetaFrame Access Suite. See the Readme for Citrix MetaFrame Access Suite Licensing and the MetaFrame Access Suite Licensing Guide, which are also available through the Document Center.
5. Remap server drive letters (if applicable).
6. Install the Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite (Access Suite Console), MetaFrame Presentation Server, and the Management Console for MetaFrame Presentation Server (Presentation Server Console). See the MetaFrame Presentation Server Administrator’s Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
7. Install the Web Interface and its prerequisites. See the Web Interface Administrator’s Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
8. To use new printing features, install the new versions of the clients. See the administrator guides for the clients you are installing. The client administrator guides are available through the Document Center.
9. After you install components, to download and install critical updates, visit the Citrix Hotfixes and Service Packs Web site.
System requirements
Servers Running MetaFrame Access Suite License Server
* Operating systems: Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) or Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
* Disk space requirements: 30MB
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Servers Running License Management Console
* MetaFrame Access Suite License Server
* Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 or Apache 2.0.52.
Servers Running MetaFrame Presentation Server for Windows
* Operating systems: Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) with Service Pack 4 Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
* Disk space requirements: 400MB for MetaFrame Presentation Server, Enterprise Edition 50MB for the Management Console for MetaFrame Presentation Server
25MB for the Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite
35MB for the Document Center
* Terminal Services running in application mode.
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
* Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) 3.0. If you do not have MSI 3.0 installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you.
* .NET Framework Version 1.1 with Service Pack 1. Autorun.exe only installs .NET Framework Version 1.1 automatically. You can also install .NET Framework Version 1.1 manually from the Support\dotNet11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
NOTE: Do not install .NET Framework Version 2.0 on systems that are running the Access Suite Console.
* If you are using HP ProtectTools, install them before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Document Center
* Disk space requirements: 2MB
* To view, search, and print the PDF documentation, use Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0.5 with Search or Adobe Reader 6.0 through 7.0. You can download Adobe Reader without charge from Adobe Systems.
Presentation Server Console
* Disk space requirements: 50MB
* Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06. If you do not have this installed, Autorun.exe prompts to install it for you. Alternatively, you can cancel the installation and install JRE manually from the Support\JRE14206 folder on the server installation CD for MetaFrame Presentation Server.
Management Console for the MetaFrame Access Suite
* Operating systems:
Windows 2000 Server (Server, Advanced Server, or Datacenter Server) with Service Pack 4
Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition)
Windows XP Professional
Windows 2000 Professional
* Disk space requirements: 25MB
* .NET Framework Version 1.1 with Service Pack 1. Autorun.exe only installs .NET Framework Version 1.1 automatically. You can also install .NET Framework Version 1.1 manually from the Support\dotNet11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
NOTE: Do not install .NET Framework Version 2.0 on systems that are running the Access Suite Console.
* To run reports from the summary database on farms using Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle Server as data stores or summary databases: Microsoft Data Access Component (MDAC) Version 2.6.
Web Interface
* MetaFrame Access Suite Console 4.0
* ASP.NET and Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 or 6.0 (Windows components)
When you install Windows Server 2003, these components are not installed by default. If you are using Windows Server 2003, before running the Web Interface installer, configure your server by adding the role of Web Server. Then, use your Microsoft Windows Server 2003 installation disk to install ASP.NET and IIS.
If you are using Windows 2000 Server and installed IIS before installing the .NET Framework update, run the ASP.NET registration tool.
* Visual J# .NET Version 1.1. Autorun.exe installs this product automatically. You can also install it manually from the Support\Jsharp11 folder of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD or image.
Network Manager (an optional component of MetaFrame Presentation Server, Enterprise Edition)
Network Manager supports the following SNMP management consoles:
* Tivoli® NetView® 6.0 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1
* HP OpenView™ Network Node Manager 6.2 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1
* CA Unicenter® TNG 2.4.2 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1, using either the 2D or 3D WorldView
* CA Unicenter TND 3.1 for Windows NT with Service Pack 5 or Windows 2000 with Service Pack 1, using either the 2D or 3D WorldView.
For CA Unicenter, the Agent Common Services and Windows NT Enterprise Manager must be installed, and the Security Management (secadmin) and trap daemon (catrapd) agents must be active. You can install the Distributed State Machine (DSM), Enterprise Manager, and WorldView on separate computers.
Conferencing Manager
* Disk space requirements: 60MB
* For Guest Attendee feature: Web Interface for MetaFrame Presentation Server 4.0 and MetaFrame Access Suite Console 4.0
* For Microsoft Outlook integration: Exchange Server 5.5 (with Exchange 5.5 CDO Microsoft patch 2657.55), 2000, or 2003; Microsoft Outlook 2000 or 2003
* For Lotus Notes integration: Lotus Domino 5.0.3 through 5.0.12, 6.0.1, and 6.5.x and Lotus Notes 5.0.3 through 5.0.12, 6.0.1, and 6.5.x
Remapping server drive letters
If you intend to change a server's drive letters to allow users to retain their original drive letters on their client devices, do so before installing MetaFrame Presentation Server. If you change server drive letters after installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, you must do so before you install any applications. For more information, please see the MetaFrame Presentation Server Administration Guide, which is available through the Document Center.
Installing MetaFrame Presentation Server
1. Have on hand the name of the MetaFrame Access Suite License Server your installations are to use and know the edition of MetaFrame Presentation Server (Standard, Advanced, or Enterprise) for which you are licensed.
2. If you are running Novell Directory Services (NDS), install the Novell client, configure the appropriate NDS settings, and then install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
3. If you are joining an existing server farm that is configured to use a port number other than the default port (Port 80) for the Citrix XML Service, have the new port number on hand because you must enter it during MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup.
4. Log on to the server as a user with local administrator privileges. Local administrator privileges are required to run Windows installer packages.
5. From the Autorun.exe screen of the MetaFrame Presentation Server CD, select Product installations > Install MetaFrame Presentation Server and its components and follow the on-screen instructions.
Creating a new farm
If you are creating a new server farm and plan to use Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or IBM DB2 for the farm data store, complete the following steps before you install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
1. Install and configure the database product on a separate, dedicated server.
2. Install the database client pieces on the servers on which you want to install MetaFrame Presentation Server. Depending on the database product you are planning to use, this involves the following steps:
* For use with Microsoft SQL Server, ensure Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) Version 2.61 with Service Pack 1 is installed on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server.
* For use with Oracle, install the Oracle Client on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server. Restart this server before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup.
* For use with IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version 7.2 with FixPak 5-13, on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, install the matching DB2 Run-Time Client. Before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup, restart the server.
* For use with IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version 8.1 with FixPak 1-7a, on the server on which you are installing MetaFrame Presentation Server, install the matching DB2 Run-Time Client. Before running MetaFrame Presentation Server Setup, restart the server.
3. Have on hand credentials that possess database ownership (DBO) rights. This level of permission is required only once upon initial creation of a new database for the farm data store.
Joining an existing farm
If you are joining an existing server farm, complete the following tasks before you install MetaFrame Presentation Server.
1. Decide whether you want the server to connect to the farm data store directly or through another server running MetaFrame Presentation Server (indirectly). If you choose to connect to the data store indirectly, be sure to have on hand the name of the server through which you connect.
2. Have on hand credentials that possess read/write permissions to the existing farm data store database. MetaFrame Presentation Server uses these credentials on an ongoing basis to read from and update the farm data store.
3. Have on hand MetaFrame Presentation Server administrator credentials with full rights, which during Setup are required to join a server with an existing farm.
Upgrading MetaFrame Presentation Server
The installer for MetaFrame Presentation Server supports:
* Applying service packs to servers running MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0
* Upgrading servers running MetaFrame XP Feature Release 3 or MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0
If you are running MetaFrame 1.8 or a version of MetaFrame XP prior to Feature Release 3, before upgrading to this release of MetaFrame Presentation Server, you must upgrade legacy servers to MetaFrame XP Feature Release 3 or MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0. For information on how to perform these migrations, see MetaFrame Presentation Server 3.0 Upgrade and Migration Guide, which is available for download from the Citrix Knowledge Center.
If the server you are upgrading has a MetaFrame Win32 client installed on it that is a version later than the one that is available with the release to which you are upgrading, uninstall the client before upgrading the server. To retain the newer client, re-install it after upgrading the server.
Downloading and Installing Critical Updates
After you install this product, to ensure optimal performance for your installation, download and install Citrix critical hotfixes and service packs for installed components. Citrix also encourages you to revisit this Web site periodically to learn about and download additional critical updates as they become available.
Installation Citrix MetaFrame Presentation Server 4.0
From : http://azhardino.co.nr
· Insert the Presentation Server 4.0 Server CD and click the Product Installation and updates button.
· Click the Install MetaFrame Presentation Server 4.0 and its components button to launch the setup program
· Scroll to the bottom of the license agreement and click the I accept the license agreement radio button and click Next to continue.
· Klik the button Next on dialog box Prerquisistes Intallation
· Waiting opened dialog box coise install and klik Next button
· Choose I already have a licence server,or will use the product CD to install one later->Klik Next
· Setup is now already install the Access Suite Console,Klik next button to continue
· Select the folder you wist the install then Acces Suite Console snap-in ->klik Next
· Clik Next To begin installation of th Access Suite Console
· Clik Finish
· Install Presentation Server 4.0 klik Next buton
· Chose Enterprise Edition
· Unchek Packager->Next
· Click to select the Yes radio button to give the end-users the ability to utilize Pass- Throught authentication. Click Next to continue.You are now prompted to reate or join a server farm. Click the Create a new farm radio button and Click Next.
· Enter a server farm name in the Farm Name text box and select what type of Data Store that will be used as documented in the Presentation Server 4.0 Farm Design section of the Design Phase Deliverable.You also have the ability to select the Zone the new server will exist. For the first server in a farm I highly recommend using the default zone name.Click Next when finished.
· Tes SQL server source,Click Ok when Successfully
· Enter Name server and port->klik Next
· Choose Allow Shadowing of user sessions on this server->Klik Next
· Enter the TCP/IP port that the Citrix XML Service will listen on and Click Next
· Choose Add the list of users from the Users group now and clik Next
· Verify the farm and installation settings are correct and click Finish.
· Insert the Presentation Server 4.0 Server CD and click the Product Installation and updates button.
· Click the Install MetaFrame Presentation Server 4.0 and its components button to launch the setup program
· Scroll to the bottom of the license agreement and click the I accept the license agreement radio button and click Next to continue.
· Klik the button Next on dialog box Prerquisistes Intallation
· Waiting opened dialog box coise install and klik Next button
· Choose I already have a licence server,or will use the product CD to install one later->Klik Next
· Setup is now already install the Access Suite Console,Klik next button to continue
· Select the folder you wist the install then Acces Suite Console snap-in ->klik Next
· Clik Next To begin installation of th Access Suite Console
· Clik Finish
· Install Presentation Server 4.0 klik Next buton
· Chose Enterprise Edition
· Unchek Packager->Next
· Click to select the Yes radio button to give the end-users the ability to utilize Pass- Throught authentication. Click Next to continue.You are now prompted to reate or join a server farm. Click the Create a new farm radio button and Click Next.
· Enter a server farm name in the Farm Name text box and select what type of Data Store that will be used as documented in the Presentation Server 4.0 Farm Design section of the Design Phase Deliverable.You also have the ability to select the Zone the new server will exist. For the first server in a farm I highly recommend using the default zone name.Click Next when finished.
· Tes SQL server source,Click Ok when Successfully
· Enter Name server and port->klik Next
· Choose Allow Shadowing of user sessions on this server->Klik Next
· Enter the TCP/IP port that the Citrix XML Service will listen on and Click Next
· Choose Add the list of users from the Users group now and clik Next
· Verify the farm and installation settings are correct and click Finish.
Indonesia Country Information
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
Indonesia, the largest archipelago and the fifth most populous nation in the world, has a total of 17,508 islands, of which about 6,000 are inhabited. Indonesia extends 3,198 miles (5,150km) between the Australian and Asian continental mainland and divides the Pacific and Indian Oceans at the Equator. With a total land area of 767,777 square miles (1,919,443 sq. km), its 190 million inhabitants are made up of 300 ethnic groups who speak an estimated 583 different languages and dialects. There are five main islands in Indonesia. These are: Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya.
Sumatra is one of Indonesia's most important islands in just about every way: economically, politically and strategically. Sumatra accounts for a full 25% of the country's total land area. Bukit Barisan, an unbroken mountain wall varying in height, extends down the entire western side of the island. The range includes 93 volcano peaks, 15 of them still active. With 176 different species of mammals, 194 reptiles, 62 amphibians and 150 birds, the island is famous for its varied animal life. It has a greater variety of wildlife than any other island in the country.
The island of Kalimantan is shared with Malaysia. Many areas of the island are almost untouched by the Western world. For the more rough and ready traveler, this is the place to go, although tourist facilities are relatively undeveloped and visitors are few.
Irian Jaya occupies the western half of the island of New Guinea. The island has been a part of Indonesia politically since 1969 . Although it makes up 22% of Indonesia's total land area, only 1% of the country's people live there. Irian Jaya is also the least visited and most remote Indonesian province.
Java, the island where Indonesia's capital city lies, is one of the country's richest, lushest and most populated islands. It was on this island in the early 1800's that the Dutch East India Company established themselves in Indonesia. By the early 20th century, the Dutch had control over the entire country. Although Indonesia is no longer controlled by the Dutch, a great Dutch influence remains. Dutch food, architecture, and all around culture is evident throughout Indonesia.
In two decades, Indonesia has turned itself from rice importer to rice exporter and established itself as the fifth largest OPEC producer. Petrochemicals and oil production account for 70% of the country's foreign revenues, and Indonesia is now the world's leading exporter of liquid natural gas.
2. WEATHER CONDITIONS
Stretching over 3,100 miles (5,000km) from east to west and almost 1,242 miles (2,000km) from north to south, Indonesia straddles the Equator and has a typical equatorial climate. The east monsoon from June to September brings dry weather, while the west monsoon from December to March brings rain. Occasional rain showers occur in between these two seasons as a transitional period.
Mean temperatures at sea level are uniform, varying by only a few degrees throughout the region, and throughout the year 78º- 82ºF (25º- 28ºC). Coastal areas are often pleasantly cool; however, it can get extremely cold in the mountains with temperature decreasing 2ºF (1ºC) for every 656 feet (200m) of altitude, which provides a cool pleasant climate in upland communities.
3. PEOPLE AND CULTURE
Indonesia, with over 190 million people, has the fifth largest population in the world. The country is an ethnological goldmine, with 336 ethnic groups joined together by a unifying language and through intermarriage. Indonesia can be considered a spectrum of all the Asian cultures, races and religions. Of the 190 million people in the country, 87% are Moslem. The Indonesian Constitution recognizes freedom of religion.
Many parts of Indonesia have remained isolated because of the archipelago's size, jungles, highlands and complex customs. A journey through the country is a journey through time. You will find ways of life that are 5,000 years removed from the world we know. While some Indonesians wear rings and rats' ribs in their noses, yet others read "The Asian Wall Street Journal". If mingling among Indonesia's diverse populations has occurred at all, it has taken place near the sea.
Among Indonesia's diverse peoples, the Balinese are extraordinarily creative with a highly theatrical culture. They are lavish in their colors and decorations and less restrained in their music and dance. The Balinese believe that all natural phenomena have souls. Spirits dominate everything they do, and their lives revolve around offering fruits and flowers to appease the angry gods. Dayak is the collective name for the more than 200 different tribes that comprise Kalimantan's native people. The Javanese (the largest group) originally belonged to the Mongoloid race.
Indonesians in general are friendly, fun-loving people. They are artistic by nature and express themselves in canvas, wood, metals, clay and stone and in their dance and dramas.
Ethnic Groups: The majority is of Malay descent; 45% Javanese, 14% Sudanese, 7.5% Madurese, coastal Malays and other 26%.
Languages: Bahasa Indonesia is the official language. There are many dialects. English is the most widely understood foreign language.
Religion: 87% Muslim, 6% Protestant, 3% Roman Catholic, 2% Hindu , 1% Buddhist and 1% other.
4. LOCAL CUSTOMS
General:
Indonesians are trained to cope with stressful, interpersonal situations differently than Westerners. They tend to be nonassertive and continue to smile and maintain a calm appearance as they withdraw from a quarrel. When they avoid your gaze, it doesn't mean that they are afraid of you. Under most circumstances, eye contact is avoided, particularly if its prolonged.
Aggressive gestures and postures such as crossing your arms over your chest or standing with your hands on your hips while talking, particularly with older people, are regarded as insulting.
Scarves should be worn around the waist when entering Balinese temples. Never touch anyone's head. Indonesians regard the head as the seat of the soul, and it therefore is sacred.
When invited to eat or drink, watch your Indonesian host. A guest may not start if not invited to do so by the host. The left hand is considered unclean, so never use it to eat. Do not ask for salt, pepper or soy sauce; this request would be considered an insult to the cook. Many traditional Indonesian families do not talk during meals, conversation starts only after the meal. Cover your mouth when using a toothpick.
Unannounced visits early in the evening are an Indonesian tradition. It is considered a compliment if you are kept waiting by the host. He is usually changing his clothes before receiving you.
Never stand taller than a Buddha, and definitely never climb on a Buddha.
Never show the bottom of your feet or point your foot when it is off the ground in the direction of another person.
Business:
It is polite to introduce yourself when meeting strangers without waiting for someone else to do the introductions. Shake hands when greeting people;both men and women will extend their hands. Bowing from the waist is a sign of respect.
Business cards are exchanged immediately after introductions. At the end of the meeting, saying thank you in Indonesian will help build a warm relationship.
The left hand is considered unclean, so never use it to give or receive things. Pointing a finger is considered rude.
Usually, a shirt and tie are sufficient for most business meetings. Because of the heat, jackets are unnecessary. Safari-style leisure suits are comfortable and acceptable.
Because of Muslim tradition, Indonesian women tend to dress conservatively, and slacks are generally reserved for casual wear. Makeup and perfume are acceptable, if used moderately.
5. CURRENCY
The Indonesian currency unit is called the Rupiah. Notes are issued in the values of Rp500, Rp5,000 and Rp10,000. Coins of Rp5, Rp10, Rp25, Rp50 and Rp100.
When changing large amounts, banks usually give Rp10,000 notes, but changing these in the provinces may prove troublesome. If you are heading for the Outer Islands, take Rp1,000 and Rp5,000 notes instead. Always keep your exchange receipts so that you can exchange your rupiah for foreign currencies upon leaving the country. The U.S. dollar is the most readily accepted currency.
6. THINGS TO KNOW
Indonesia has an area of 767,777 square miles (1,919,443 sq. km) scattered over about 13,700 islands. The country also claims sovereignty over 1,308,864 square miles (3,272,160 sq. km) of sea stretching from Asia to Australia. An active volcanic arc runs through Sumatra, Java and the islands of Nusa Tenggara, and then north through Maluku to Sulawesi. It marks the place where tectonic plates plunge one beneath the other. This is an area of intense volcanic activity called the "ring of fire." Off the coast of these islands is a deep sea trench in places more than 22,960 feet (7,000m) deep. Within the arc is the more stable Sunda Shelf with shallow seas and less dramatic landscape. Some parts of the country remain vast, barely explored regions of dense jungle, and many islands have extinct, active or dormant volcanoes.
Population: 190,000,000
Capital: Jakarta
Flag: Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white.
Shop Hours: Most shops are open from 8am to 9pm, daily. Sunday is a public holiday, but some shops are open at least part of the day.
Bank Hours: The majority of the banks in Indonesia are open Monday to Friday from 8 am to 12 noon.
Holidays:
Some of these holidays are based on the lunar calendar and change yearly.
* January 1 - New Year's Day
* February - Chinese New Year (lunar calendar; mid-January to mid-February)
* March - Nyepi (day of silence in Bali and a Hindu holiday celebrated nationwide)
* March or April - Good Friday
* March - Hari Raya Puasa
* Waicack - May 23 (anniversary of the birth and death of Buddha)
* March 25-26 - Idul Fitri/Lebaran
* April - Mi'raj Nabi Muhammad (ascension of the prophet Muhammad)
* April 21 - Kartini Day (ceremony held by women to mark the birthday of Radeng Ajeng Kartini, proclaimed as a pioneer of women's emancipation).
* May - Hari Raya Haji
* August 17 - Independence Day
* September - Gareg Maulad (birthday of Prophet Mohammad)
* October 5 - Armed Forces Day
* December 25 - Christmas Day (celebrated by Christians)
Time:
There are three time zones in Indonesia. Sumatra, Java and west and central Kalimantan are in West Indonesian Time, which is seven hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Meant Time). Bali, Nusa Tenggara, south and east Kalimantan and Silawesi are on Central Indonesian Time, which is eight hours ahead of GMT. Irian Jaya and Maluku are on the East Indonesian Time, which is nine hours ahead of GMT.
Tipping:
Restaurants: Some restaurants may automatically add a 10% service charge to your bill, but an additional tip is always appreciated.
Porters: Rp500-1,000 is generally the average tip expected for airport porters and bellhops in Jakarta, while Rp2,000 is expected in Denpasar or Ujung airport.
Taxis: Taxi drivers are never tipped, although in Jakarta they may expect a tip. A few coins will make them happy.
7. VISAS AND PASSPORT
All visitors are required to have a passport valid for at least six months after arrival. Visas have been waived for nationals of some Western countries for a stay of up to two months and for registered delegates attending a conference that has received official approval.
Each visitor is required to pay an airport tax of Rp11,000 for international departures and between Rp 800 and Rp 3,000 for domestic flights, depending on the airport of departure.
Yellow fever vaccination is required if you arrive within six days of leaving or passing through an infected area.
8. CUSTOMS REGULATIONS
Duty-Free Items: 200 cigarettes or 50 cigars and 2 pounds of tobacco, cameras and a reasonable amount of film, 2 liters of alcohol and a reasonable amount of perfume for personal use.
9. TRAVEL TO THE COUNTRY
Airports:
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Cengkareng, Jakarta
Tel (021) 550-1764
Airlines:
Air Canada: Tel (021) 371479 or (021) 376237
Air India: Tel (021) 325470 or (021) 325534
British Airways: Tel (021) 578-2460
British Caledonian: Tel (021) 322849 or (021) 333423
Canadian Airlines: Tel (021) 336521 or (021) 336573
China Airlines: Tel (021) 570-6088
Cathay Pacific: Tel (021) 380-6664
Delta Airlines: Tel (021) 322008
Garuda Indonesia: Tel (021) 588707 or (021) 588708 or (021) 588797
Japan Airlines: Tel (021) 582758
Philippine Airlines: Tel (021) 370108
Qantas: (021)327707 or (021) 326707
Singapore Airlines: Tel (021) 584011
Swissair: Tel (021) 373608
Trans World Airlines: Tel (021) 337874
United Airlines: Tel (021) 361707
10. TRAVEL WITHIN THE COUNTRY
Air:
The only airline operating jet aircraft on domestic routes is Garuda. It has several flights daily from Jakarta to such destinations as Bali, Medan, Ujung Pandang, Manado and Yogyakarta. There are also shuttle flights to Surabaya and Semarang daily.
Becak:
A becak (pronounced baychahk) is a tricycle pedaled by a man who normally sits behind the passenger. Becaks seat between one and two people and are found in the cities and towns in Java. Becaks have been used for over 40 years but are slowly disappearing as motor transport takes over. Be sure to bargain with the driver before beginning your journey.
Cars and Motorcycles:
There are a number of car rental agencies in Jakarta. Driving is on the left side of the road. Chauffeur-driven cars are also available, with different rates for in-town and out-of-town use. Motorcycles are also available for rent. An ojek is a motorbike hired with a driver. Ojeks can be hired by the hour or day or for individual trips.
Buses:: There is an extensive bus network in Java. Buses are very useful where there is no rail service. The roads are being improved, and more modern buses are being introduced.
Ships:
Ships and shipping are very important in Indonesia since the country is an island nation. Water travel is the best way to explore the islands of Indonesia. The state-owned PELNI is the biggest shipline, with services almost everywhere. There are regular schedules; the main base is at Jakarta.
PELNI Ticket Sales (Head Office)
Jalan Gajah Madah 14
Jakarta 10130
Tel (021) 343307 or (021) 361635 or (021) 344342
Fax: (021)3810341 or (021) 345605
Trains:
Train services are only available throughout Java and part of Sumatra around Padang, West Sumatra, Medan in North Sumatra, South Sumatra and Lampung. The most comfortable trains are the air-conditioned "Bima" (sleeper) and "Mutiara" trains. Both these trains travel at night.
11. SIGHTSEEING
For additional information
Kramat Raya 81
Jakarta
P.O. Box 409
Tel (021) 310-3117
Fax: (021) 310 1146
or the nearest regional/provincial tourist office.
Way Kambas Elephant Training Center
The center is an international project partially funded by the World Wildlife Fund. The aim of the center is to train elephants to be useful to mankind. Visitors may ride the elephants. Way Kambas is near Bandar Lampung.
Fantasy Land
In Fantasy Land, you are taken on a journey of Old Jakarta, Africa, America, Indonesia, Europe, Asia and the Palace of the Dolls. Located inside Ancol Dreamland (Taman Impian Jaya Ancol).
Jalan Lodan Timur
Ancol, Jakarta
Tel (021) 681512
Indonesia in Miniature Park
This 400 acre (160 hectare) cultural park has pavilions in the shape of traditional houses from each of the 27 provinces. Every Sunday there is a regional dance performance in one of the pavilions. Also within the park is an aviary, Museum Indonesia and the Keong Emas theater.
Jalan Raya Rd.
Gede Kramat Jati
Jakarta
Tel (021) 840-0022
Jaya Ancol Dreamland
(Taman Impian Jaya Ancol)
This dreamland occupies 343 acres (137 hectares) of former marshland, right by the sea. It has a resort hotel, art market and gallery, restaurant, hawker stalls, nightclubs and various other entertainment facilities.
Ancol, Jakarta
Keong Emas Imax Theater
Located within Indonesia in Miniature Park, this theater is in the shape of a snail. The theater features a film on Indonesia.
Jalan Raya Rd.
Gede Kramat Jati
Jakarta
Kuta
The village of Kuta is a thriving tourist resort. If you are looking for some action, this is where you will find it - discos, hotels, restaurants and shops abound. It is also the best place to see traditional Balinese music and dance performed.
Bali
Lake Toba
This lake was formed by a massive prehistoric volcanic explosion. The lake is the largest inland body of water in Southeast Asia. Lake Toba is 50 miles (80km) long and 16 miles (26km) wide, and it has a depth of 1,400 feet (420m). The town of Parapat lies on its shores and is an ideal place to relax and escape the heat, as the climate here is cool and dry. Parapat offers hotels, villas and recreational facilities. Samosir Island is in the middle of Lake Toba.
Parapat, North Sumatra
National Monument
The monument is a 449 feet-high (137m) stylization of the ancient Hindu Linnga/Yoni, symbolizing fertility. You can take an elevator to the top where, from the viewing platform, you will see a spectacular view of Jakarta. Located in Mederka Square.
Jakarta
Tel (021) 681512
Medan Crocodile Farm
This is the largest crocodile farm in Indonesia. There are over 2,000 crocodiles of different varieties. Here you can see how crocodile eggs are hatched.
Asam Kumbang
North Sumatra
Tugu Khatulistiwa
(Equator Monument)
Standing exactly 109º, 20 minutes east of Greenwich. During the March and September equinoxes, the column's shadow disappears, which is an excuse for a party in Pontianak (a large river city in Kalimantan).
Jl. Khatulistiwa
West Kalimantan
Yogyakarta
The cultural center of Java. It is an excellent destination for those interested in the traditional arts. Here you may experience performances of wayang puppets (famous shadow puppet plays depicting Javanese history and folklore) and classical and contemporary Javanese dance and theater. We recommend that you visit the palace in the center of the city. It is located at the foot of the active Merapi volcano.
Java
Bogor Botanical Gardens
These famous gardens border the Presidential Palace built for the Dutch Governor General in 1745. The gardens cover 218 acres (87 hectares) with thousands of different species from all over the world. If you intend on visiting the Palace, a permit must be obtained.
Bogor
Located 31 miles (50km) from Jakarta
Orchard Garden
A landscaped garden with thousands of orchard species and varieties native to Indonesia. Inside a mini-laboratory you will be taught how to grow orchards and cross seeds.
Slipi, Jakarta
Panorama Park
The park overlooks the Ngarai Canyon.
Jalan Panorama
South Sumatra
Taman Bundokandung
Kind-Hearted Mother Park
Jalan Kanduamoto
South Sumatra
Ujung Kulon National Park
Located on the southwestern tip of West Java, this park is a wilderness preserve of 127500 acres (51,000 hectares). Included are the islands of Panaitan and Peucang and the Ujung Kulon Peninsula. This is the home of the 50 or so last surviving one-horned rhinoceros.
12. DINING AND DRINKING
As in the rest of Asia, Indonesian food is heavily based on rice, supplemented by vegetables, a little bit of fish and once in a while, meat and eggs. Indonesian cuisine is known for its combination of contrasting flavors and textures, its influences having originated in all corners of the world. Each culinary art of foreign origin can be distinguished in Indonesian cooking, yet each is blended creatively with the islands' own cooking secrets. Each province or area has its own cuisine, which varies in the method of cooking and the ingredients used.
The Javanese cuisine is probably the most palatable to the general taste and usually consists of vegetables, soybeans, beef and chicken. The Sumatrans generally eat more beef compared to other regions. West Sumatra is known for its Pandang specialty restaurants found nationwide. Aside from their hot and spicy food, these restaurants are known for their unique style of service. Further to the east, seafood is featured in the daily diet, either grilled or made into curries. In Bali, Irian Jaya and the highlands of North Sumatra and North Sulawesi, pork dishes are specialties. As the population of Indonesia is predominantly Moslem, pork is usually not served except in Chinese restaurants, non-Moslem regions and places serving international cuisine.
The most popular dishes in Indonesia are: gado-gado, salad with peanut sauce; nasi goreng, fried rice; bakmigoreng, fried noodles; and sate, skewered grilled meat.
There is a wide variety of tropical and subtropical vegetables all year round. Some fruits such as mangoes and watermelons are seasonal, but most of the other fruits are available throughout the year.
Although Indonesia is a Moslem country, alcoholic beverages are widely available. The two most popular beers, both light lagers, are the locally brewed Anker and Bintang brands. Imported liquors, like whisky and gin, are usually sold only in the more expensive restaurants and hotels. Brem, or rice wine, Arak, rice whisky, and Tuak, palm wine are locally produced and readily available.
Drinking unboiled water in Indonesia is considered unsafe because of poor sewage disposal and improperly treated water supplies. Contaminated water is known for transmitting diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever. Avoid ice cubes unless they have been made from boiled water. The freezing of water does not kill the organisms, nor does the alcohol in a drink. Western bottled and canned drinks are widely available and comparatively cheap in Indonesia.
13. ENTERTAINMENT
Cultural shows, discotheques, cinemas, comedy and puppet shows keep the Indonesians entertained every day of every year.
Movie theaters are found throughout Indonesia, and grade B and C Italian and American films are generally in English with Indonesian subtitles. Check the paper for listings. Ticket prices are comparable to those in the West, about $5 per head for an air-conditioned theater.
Western style discos abound, and wealthy youth in designer clothes pack the fashionable clubs every weekend. The disco craze hit the country a decade ago, and it appears to have taken root. A couple of hotel establishments have ruled the scene for some time now. The cover charge and drinks are expensive, and dress code is in effect.
Shadow puppet shows are very popular. Performances are staged when a transitional event occurs in the life of a family such as a birthday, wedding or as ritual entertainment during family feasts. These shows dramatize life with its contradictions and anomalies and teach the meaning and purpose of life. A single performance can last up to nine hours.
14. EMERGENCY NUMBERS
Police: 110
Fire: 113
Ambulance: 118
International Access Code: 01
Country Code: 62
City Codes:
Banda Aceh: 0651
Bandar Lampung: 0721
Denpasar: 0361
Jakarta: 021
Kendari: 0401
Kupang: 0391
Medan: 061
Padang: 0751
Prapat: 0625
Semarang: 024
Surabaya: 031
Ujung Pandang: 0411
Yogyakarta: 0274
When calling a number from within the same city, omit the city code. When calling to another city within Indonesia, use the entire city code. When calling from outside Indonesia, omit the first digit (0) from the city code.
15. VISITORS INFORMATION
Directorate General of Tourism (DGT)
Jalan Kramat Raya 81
P. O. Box 409
Jakarta
Tel (021) 310-3117
Fax: (021)3101146
The DGT is under the direction of the Department of Tourism - Post and Telecommunications, which has offices in all major tourist destinations. These offices are known as Kanwil Depparpostel or Regional Offices of Tourism.
Each of the 27 provinces of Indonesia has its own tourist office, which is known as Diparda (provincial tourist service). Each of these offices can offer information and assistance for their area.
Diparda Tk. I Lampung
Jalan W.R. Supratman No. 39
Gunung Mas
Bandar Lampung 35111
Tel (0721) 42565 or (0721) 61720
Diparda DKI Jakarta
Jalan Abdurrohim 2
Kuningan Barat
Jakarta 12710
Tel (021) 510738 or (021) 511073 or (021) 511369
Diparda Tk. I Jawa Barat
Jalan Cipaganti 151-153
Bandung 40161
West Java
Tel (022) 81490
Fax: (022) 87976
Diparda Tk. I Kalimantan Barat
Jalan Achmad Sood No. 25
Pontianak 78121
West Kalimantan
Tel (0561) 36712
Diparda Tk. I Sumatera Utara
Jalan Jend. A. Yani No. 107
Medan 20151
North Sumatra
Tel (061) 511101
Diparda Tk. I Sumatra Selatan
Jalan Bay Salim No. 200
Palembang 30126
South Sumatra
Tel (0711) 24981 or (0711) 28305
Diparda D.I. Yogyakarta
Jalan Malioboro 14
Yogyakarta 55213
Tel (0274) 62811 Ext. 218, 224
Indonesian Tourist Promotion Office (ITPO)
Public Relations Agency
Garuda Indonesia Office
4 Bligh Street
P. O. Box 3836
Sydney 2000
NSW, Australia
Tel (02) 2326044
ITPO
Wiessenthutten Strasse 17
Frankfurt am Maim 1
Germany
Tel (069) 233677
Fax (069) 230840
ITPO
2nd Floor, Sankaido Building
1-9-13 Akasaka, Minatoku
Tokyo 107
Japan
Tel (03) 3585-3588 or (03) 3586-9736
Fax: (03)35821397
ITPO
10, Collyer Quay 15-07
Ocean Building
Singapore 0104
Tel 534-2837 or 534-1795
Fax: 5334287
ITPO 3457 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA 90010
USA
Tel 213-387-2078
Fax: 213-380-4876
16. USEFUL PHRASES
Good Morning - Selamat pagi
Good day - Selamat siang
Good evening - Selamat sore
Good night - Selamat malam
Goodbye - Selamat tinggal (said by those leaving to people staying)
Goodbye - Selamat jelan (said by those staying to people leaving)
Thank you - Terima kasih
How are you? - Apa kabar?
I'm fine - Kabar baik
How much? - Berapa
I don't understand - Saya tidak mengerti
What is this? - Apa ini?
I'm sorry - Maafkan saya
Excuse me - Permisi, Ma'af
Indonesia, the largest archipelago and the fifth most populous nation in the world, has a total of 17,508 islands, of which about 6,000 are inhabited. Indonesia extends 3,198 miles (5,150km) between the Australian and Asian continental mainland and divides the Pacific and Indian Oceans at the Equator. With a total land area of 767,777 square miles (1,919,443 sq. km), its 190 million inhabitants are made up of 300 ethnic groups who speak an estimated 583 different languages and dialects. There are five main islands in Indonesia. These are: Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya.
Sumatra is one of Indonesia's most important islands in just about every way: economically, politically and strategically. Sumatra accounts for a full 25% of the country's total land area. Bukit Barisan, an unbroken mountain wall varying in height, extends down the entire western side of the island. The range includes 93 volcano peaks, 15 of them still active. With 176 different species of mammals, 194 reptiles, 62 amphibians and 150 birds, the island is famous for its varied animal life. It has a greater variety of wildlife than any other island in the country.
The island of Kalimantan is shared with Malaysia. Many areas of the island are almost untouched by the Western world. For the more rough and ready traveler, this is the place to go, although tourist facilities are relatively undeveloped and visitors are few.
Irian Jaya occupies the western half of the island of New Guinea. The island has been a part of Indonesia politically since 1969 . Although it makes up 22% of Indonesia's total land area, only 1% of the country's people live there. Irian Jaya is also the least visited and most remote Indonesian province.
Java, the island where Indonesia's capital city lies, is one of the country's richest, lushest and most populated islands. It was on this island in the early 1800's that the Dutch East India Company established themselves in Indonesia. By the early 20th century, the Dutch had control over the entire country. Although Indonesia is no longer controlled by the Dutch, a great Dutch influence remains. Dutch food, architecture, and all around culture is evident throughout Indonesia.
In two decades, Indonesia has turned itself from rice importer to rice exporter and established itself as the fifth largest OPEC producer. Petrochemicals and oil production account for 70% of the country's foreign revenues, and Indonesia is now the world's leading exporter of liquid natural gas.
2. WEATHER CONDITIONS
Stretching over 3,100 miles (5,000km) from east to west and almost 1,242 miles (2,000km) from north to south, Indonesia straddles the Equator and has a typical equatorial climate. The east monsoon from June to September brings dry weather, while the west monsoon from December to March brings rain. Occasional rain showers occur in between these two seasons as a transitional period.
Mean temperatures at sea level are uniform, varying by only a few degrees throughout the region, and throughout the year 78º- 82ºF (25º- 28ºC). Coastal areas are often pleasantly cool; however, it can get extremely cold in the mountains with temperature decreasing 2ºF (1ºC) for every 656 feet (200m) of altitude, which provides a cool pleasant climate in upland communities.
3. PEOPLE AND CULTURE
Indonesia, with over 190 million people, has the fifth largest population in the world. The country is an ethnological goldmine, with 336 ethnic groups joined together by a unifying language and through intermarriage. Indonesia can be considered a spectrum of all the Asian cultures, races and religions. Of the 190 million people in the country, 87% are Moslem. The Indonesian Constitution recognizes freedom of religion.
Many parts of Indonesia have remained isolated because of the archipelago's size, jungles, highlands and complex customs. A journey through the country is a journey through time. You will find ways of life that are 5,000 years removed from the world we know. While some Indonesians wear rings and rats' ribs in their noses, yet others read "The Asian Wall Street Journal". If mingling among Indonesia's diverse populations has occurred at all, it has taken place near the sea.
Among Indonesia's diverse peoples, the Balinese are extraordinarily creative with a highly theatrical culture. They are lavish in their colors and decorations and less restrained in their music and dance. The Balinese believe that all natural phenomena have souls. Spirits dominate everything they do, and their lives revolve around offering fruits and flowers to appease the angry gods. Dayak is the collective name for the more than 200 different tribes that comprise Kalimantan's native people. The Javanese (the largest group) originally belonged to the Mongoloid race.
Indonesians in general are friendly, fun-loving people. They are artistic by nature and express themselves in canvas, wood, metals, clay and stone and in their dance and dramas.
Ethnic Groups: The majority is of Malay descent; 45% Javanese, 14% Sudanese, 7.5% Madurese, coastal Malays and other 26%.
Languages: Bahasa Indonesia is the official language. There are many dialects. English is the most widely understood foreign language.
Religion: 87% Muslim, 6% Protestant, 3% Roman Catholic, 2% Hindu , 1% Buddhist and 1% other.
4. LOCAL CUSTOMS
General:
Indonesians are trained to cope with stressful, interpersonal situations differently than Westerners. They tend to be nonassertive and continue to smile and maintain a calm appearance as they withdraw from a quarrel. When they avoid your gaze, it doesn't mean that they are afraid of you. Under most circumstances, eye contact is avoided, particularly if its prolonged.
Aggressive gestures and postures such as crossing your arms over your chest or standing with your hands on your hips while talking, particularly with older people, are regarded as insulting.
Scarves should be worn around the waist when entering Balinese temples. Never touch anyone's head. Indonesians regard the head as the seat of the soul, and it therefore is sacred.
When invited to eat or drink, watch your Indonesian host. A guest may not start if not invited to do so by the host. The left hand is considered unclean, so never use it to eat. Do not ask for salt, pepper or soy sauce; this request would be considered an insult to the cook. Many traditional Indonesian families do not talk during meals, conversation starts only after the meal. Cover your mouth when using a toothpick.
Unannounced visits early in the evening are an Indonesian tradition. It is considered a compliment if you are kept waiting by the host. He is usually changing his clothes before receiving you.
Never stand taller than a Buddha, and definitely never climb on a Buddha.
Never show the bottom of your feet or point your foot when it is off the ground in the direction of another person.
Business:
It is polite to introduce yourself when meeting strangers without waiting for someone else to do the introductions. Shake hands when greeting people;both men and women will extend their hands. Bowing from the waist is a sign of respect.
Business cards are exchanged immediately after introductions. At the end of the meeting, saying thank you in Indonesian will help build a warm relationship.
The left hand is considered unclean, so never use it to give or receive things. Pointing a finger is considered rude.
Usually, a shirt and tie are sufficient for most business meetings. Because of the heat, jackets are unnecessary. Safari-style leisure suits are comfortable and acceptable.
Because of Muslim tradition, Indonesian women tend to dress conservatively, and slacks are generally reserved for casual wear. Makeup and perfume are acceptable, if used moderately.
5. CURRENCY
The Indonesian currency unit is called the Rupiah. Notes are issued in the values of Rp500, Rp5,000 and Rp10,000. Coins of Rp5, Rp10, Rp25, Rp50 and Rp100.
When changing large amounts, banks usually give Rp10,000 notes, but changing these in the provinces may prove troublesome. If you are heading for the Outer Islands, take Rp1,000 and Rp5,000 notes instead. Always keep your exchange receipts so that you can exchange your rupiah for foreign currencies upon leaving the country. The U.S. dollar is the most readily accepted currency.
6. THINGS TO KNOW
Indonesia has an area of 767,777 square miles (1,919,443 sq. km) scattered over about 13,700 islands. The country also claims sovereignty over 1,308,864 square miles (3,272,160 sq. km) of sea stretching from Asia to Australia. An active volcanic arc runs through Sumatra, Java and the islands of Nusa Tenggara, and then north through Maluku to Sulawesi. It marks the place where tectonic plates plunge one beneath the other. This is an area of intense volcanic activity called the "ring of fire." Off the coast of these islands is a deep sea trench in places more than 22,960 feet (7,000m) deep. Within the arc is the more stable Sunda Shelf with shallow seas and less dramatic landscape. Some parts of the country remain vast, barely explored regions of dense jungle, and many islands have extinct, active or dormant volcanoes.
Population: 190,000,000
Capital: Jakarta
Flag: Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white.
Shop Hours: Most shops are open from 8am to 9pm, daily. Sunday is a public holiday, but some shops are open at least part of the day.
Bank Hours: The majority of the banks in Indonesia are open Monday to Friday from 8 am to 12 noon.
Holidays:
Some of these holidays are based on the lunar calendar and change yearly.
* January 1 - New Year's Day
* February - Chinese New Year (lunar calendar; mid-January to mid-February)
* March - Nyepi (day of silence in Bali and a Hindu holiday celebrated nationwide)
* March or April - Good Friday
* March - Hari Raya Puasa
* Waicack - May 23 (anniversary of the birth and death of Buddha)
* March 25-26 - Idul Fitri/Lebaran
* April - Mi'raj Nabi Muhammad (ascension of the prophet Muhammad)
* April 21 - Kartini Day (ceremony held by women to mark the birthday of Radeng Ajeng Kartini, proclaimed as a pioneer of women's emancipation).
* May - Hari Raya Haji
* August 17 - Independence Day
* September - Gareg Maulad (birthday of Prophet Mohammad)
* October 5 - Armed Forces Day
* December 25 - Christmas Day (celebrated by Christians)
Time:
There are three time zones in Indonesia. Sumatra, Java and west and central Kalimantan are in West Indonesian Time, which is seven hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Meant Time). Bali, Nusa Tenggara, south and east Kalimantan and Silawesi are on Central Indonesian Time, which is eight hours ahead of GMT. Irian Jaya and Maluku are on the East Indonesian Time, which is nine hours ahead of GMT.
Tipping:
Restaurants: Some restaurants may automatically add a 10% service charge to your bill, but an additional tip is always appreciated.
Porters: Rp500-1,000 is generally the average tip expected for airport porters and bellhops in Jakarta, while Rp2,000 is expected in Denpasar or Ujung airport.
Taxis: Taxi drivers are never tipped, although in Jakarta they may expect a tip. A few coins will make them happy.
7. VISAS AND PASSPORT
All visitors are required to have a passport valid for at least six months after arrival. Visas have been waived for nationals of some Western countries for a stay of up to two months and for registered delegates attending a conference that has received official approval.
Each visitor is required to pay an airport tax of Rp11,000 for international departures and between Rp 800 and Rp 3,000 for domestic flights, depending on the airport of departure.
Yellow fever vaccination is required if you arrive within six days of leaving or passing through an infected area.
8. CUSTOMS REGULATIONS
Duty-Free Items: 200 cigarettes or 50 cigars and 2 pounds of tobacco, cameras and a reasonable amount of film, 2 liters of alcohol and a reasonable amount of perfume for personal use.
9. TRAVEL TO THE COUNTRY
Airports:
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Cengkareng, Jakarta
Tel (021) 550-1764
Airlines:
Air Canada: Tel (021) 371479 or (021) 376237
Air India: Tel (021) 325470 or (021) 325534
British Airways: Tel (021) 578-2460
British Caledonian: Tel (021) 322849 or (021) 333423
Canadian Airlines: Tel (021) 336521 or (021) 336573
China Airlines: Tel (021) 570-6088
Cathay Pacific: Tel (021) 380-6664
Delta Airlines: Tel (021) 322008
Garuda Indonesia: Tel (021) 588707 or (021) 588708 or (021) 588797
Japan Airlines: Tel (021) 582758
Philippine Airlines: Tel (021) 370108
Qantas: (021)327707 or (021) 326707
Singapore Airlines: Tel (021) 584011
Swissair: Tel (021) 373608
Trans World Airlines: Tel (021) 337874
United Airlines: Tel (021) 361707
10. TRAVEL WITHIN THE COUNTRY
Air:
The only airline operating jet aircraft on domestic routes is Garuda. It has several flights daily from Jakarta to such destinations as Bali, Medan, Ujung Pandang, Manado and Yogyakarta. There are also shuttle flights to Surabaya and Semarang daily.
Becak:
A becak (pronounced baychahk) is a tricycle pedaled by a man who normally sits behind the passenger. Becaks seat between one and two people and are found in the cities and towns in Java. Becaks have been used for over 40 years but are slowly disappearing as motor transport takes over. Be sure to bargain with the driver before beginning your journey.
Cars and Motorcycles:
There are a number of car rental agencies in Jakarta. Driving is on the left side of the road. Chauffeur-driven cars are also available, with different rates for in-town and out-of-town use. Motorcycles are also available for rent. An ojek is a motorbike hired with a driver. Ojeks can be hired by the hour or day or for individual trips.
Buses:: There is an extensive bus network in Java. Buses are very useful where there is no rail service. The roads are being improved, and more modern buses are being introduced.
Ships:
Ships and shipping are very important in Indonesia since the country is an island nation. Water travel is the best way to explore the islands of Indonesia. The state-owned PELNI is the biggest shipline, with services almost everywhere. There are regular schedules; the main base is at Jakarta.
PELNI Ticket Sales (Head Office)
Jalan Gajah Madah 14
Jakarta 10130
Tel (021) 343307 or (021) 361635 or (021) 344342
Fax: (021)3810341 or (021) 345605
Trains:
Train services are only available throughout Java and part of Sumatra around Padang, West Sumatra, Medan in North Sumatra, South Sumatra and Lampung. The most comfortable trains are the air-conditioned "Bima" (sleeper) and "Mutiara" trains. Both these trains travel at night.
11. SIGHTSEEING
For additional information
Kramat Raya 81
Jakarta
P.O. Box 409
Tel (021) 310-3117
Fax: (021) 310 1146
or the nearest regional/provincial tourist office.
Way Kambas Elephant Training Center
The center is an international project partially funded by the World Wildlife Fund. The aim of the center is to train elephants to be useful to mankind. Visitors may ride the elephants. Way Kambas is near Bandar Lampung.
Fantasy Land
In Fantasy Land, you are taken on a journey of Old Jakarta, Africa, America, Indonesia, Europe, Asia and the Palace of the Dolls. Located inside Ancol Dreamland (Taman Impian Jaya Ancol).
Jalan Lodan Timur
Ancol, Jakarta
Tel (021) 681512
Indonesia in Miniature Park
This 400 acre (160 hectare) cultural park has pavilions in the shape of traditional houses from each of the 27 provinces. Every Sunday there is a regional dance performance in one of the pavilions. Also within the park is an aviary, Museum Indonesia and the Keong Emas theater.
Jalan Raya Rd.
Gede Kramat Jati
Jakarta
Tel (021) 840-0022
Jaya Ancol Dreamland
(Taman Impian Jaya Ancol)
This dreamland occupies 343 acres (137 hectares) of former marshland, right by the sea. It has a resort hotel, art market and gallery, restaurant, hawker stalls, nightclubs and various other entertainment facilities.
Ancol, Jakarta
Keong Emas Imax Theater
Located within Indonesia in Miniature Park, this theater is in the shape of a snail. The theater features a film on Indonesia.
Jalan Raya Rd.
Gede Kramat Jati
Jakarta
Kuta
The village of Kuta is a thriving tourist resort. If you are looking for some action, this is where you will find it - discos, hotels, restaurants and shops abound. It is also the best place to see traditional Balinese music and dance performed.
Bali
Lake Toba
This lake was formed by a massive prehistoric volcanic explosion. The lake is the largest inland body of water in Southeast Asia. Lake Toba is 50 miles (80km) long and 16 miles (26km) wide, and it has a depth of 1,400 feet (420m). The town of Parapat lies on its shores and is an ideal place to relax and escape the heat, as the climate here is cool and dry. Parapat offers hotels, villas and recreational facilities. Samosir Island is in the middle of Lake Toba.
Parapat, North Sumatra
National Monument
The monument is a 449 feet-high (137m) stylization of the ancient Hindu Linnga/Yoni, symbolizing fertility. You can take an elevator to the top where, from the viewing platform, you will see a spectacular view of Jakarta. Located in Mederka Square.
Jakarta
Tel (021) 681512
Medan Crocodile Farm
This is the largest crocodile farm in Indonesia. There are over 2,000 crocodiles of different varieties. Here you can see how crocodile eggs are hatched.
Asam Kumbang
North Sumatra
Tugu Khatulistiwa
(Equator Monument)
Standing exactly 109º, 20 minutes east of Greenwich. During the March and September equinoxes, the column's shadow disappears, which is an excuse for a party in Pontianak (a large river city in Kalimantan).
Jl. Khatulistiwa
West Kalimantan
Yogyakarta
The cultural center of Java. It is an excellent destination for those interested in the traditional arts. Here you may experience performances of wayang puppets (famous shadow puppet plays depicting Javanese history and folklore) and classical and contemporary Javanese dance and theater. We recommend that you visit the palace in the center of the city. It is located at the foot of the active Merapi volcano.
Java
Bogor Botanical Gardens
These famous gardens border the Presidential Palace built for the Dutch Governor General in 1745. The gardens cover 218 acres (87 hectares) with thousands of different species from all over the world. If you intend on visiting the Palace, a permit must be obtained.
Bogor
Located 31 miles (50km) from Jakarta
Orchard Garden
A landscaped garden with thousands of orchard species and varieties native to Indonesia. Inside a mini-laboratory you will be taught how to grow orchards and cross seeds.
Slipi, Jakarta
Panorama Park
The park overlooks the Ngarai Canyon.
Jalan Panorama
South Sumatra
Taman Bundokandung
Kind-Hearted Mother Park
Jalan Kanduamoto
South Sumatra
Ujung Kulon National Park
Located on the southwestern tip of West Java, this park is a wilderness preserve of 127500 acres (51,000 hectares). Included are the islands of Panaitan and Peucang and the Ujung Kulon Peninsula. This is the home of the 50 or so last surviving one-horned rhinoceros.
12. DINING AND DRINKING
As in the rest of Asia, Indonesian food is heavily based on rice, supplemented by vegetables, a little bit of fish and once in a while, meat and eggs. Indonesian cuisine is known for its combination of contrasting flavors and textures, its influences having originated in all corners of the world. Each culinary art of foreign origin can be distinguished in Indonesian cooking, yet each is blended creatively with the islands' own cooking secrets. Each province or area has its own cuisine, which varies in the method of cooking and the ingredients used.
The Javanese cuisine is probably the most palatable to the general taste and usually consists of vegetables, soybeans, beef and chicken. The Sumatrans generally eat more beef compared to other regions. West Sumatra is known for its Pandang specialty restaurants found nationwide. Aside from their hot and spicy food, these restaurants are known for their unique style of service. Further to the east, seafood is featured in the daily diet, either grilled or made into curries. In Bali, Irian Jaya and the highlands of North Sumatra and North Sulawesi, pork dishes are specialties. As the population of Indonesia is predominantly Moslem, pork is usually not served except in Chinese restaurants, non-Moslem regions and places serving international cuisine.
The most popular dishes in Indonesia are: gado-gado, salad with peanut sauce; nasi goreng, fried rice; bakmigoreng, fried noodles; and sate, skewered grilled meat.
There is a wide variety of tropical and subtropical vegetables all year round. Some fruits such as mangoes and watermelons are seasonal, but most of the other fruits are available throughout the year.
Although Indonesia is a Moslem country, alcoholic beverages are widely available. The two most popular beers, both light lagers, are the locally brewed Anker and Bintang brands. Imported liquors, like whisky and gin, are usually sold only in the more expensive restaurants and hotels. Brem, or rice wine, Arak, rice whisky, and Tuak, palm wine are locally produced and readily available.
Drinking unboiled water in Indonesia is considered unsafe because of poor sewage disposal and improperly treated water supplies. Contaminated water is known for transmitting diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever. Avoid ice cubes unless they have been made from boiled water. The freezing of water does not kill the organisms, nor does the alcohol in a drink. Western bottled and canned drinks are widely available and comparatively cheap in Indonesia.
13. ENTERTAINMENT
Cultural shows, discotheques, cinemas, comedy and puppet shows keep the Indonesians entertained every day of every year.
Movie theaters are found throughout Indonesia, and grade B and C Italian and American films are generally in English with Indonesian subtitles. Check the paper for listings. Ticket prices are comparable to those in the West, about $5 per head for an air-conditioned theater.
Western style discos abound, and wealthy youth in designer clothes pack the fashionable clubs every weekend. The disco craze hit the country a decade ago, and it appears to have taken root. A couple of hotel establishments have ruled the scene for some time now. The cover charge and drinks are expensive, and dress code is in effect.
Shadow puppet shows are very popular. Performances are staged when a transitional event occurs in the life of a family such as a birthday, wedding or as ritual entertainment during family feasts. These shows dramatize life with its contradictions and anomalies and teach the meaning and purpose of life. A single performance can last up to nine hours.
14. EMERGENCY NUMBERS
Police: 110
Fire: 113
Ambulance: 118
International Access Code: 01
Country Code: 62
City Codes:
Banda Aceh: 0651
Bandar Lampung: 0721
Denpasar: 0361
Jakarta: 021
Kendari: 0401
Kupang: 0391
Medan: 061
Padang: 0751
Prapat: 0625
Semarang: 024
Surabaya: 031
Ujung Pandang: 0411
Yogyakarta: 0274
When calling a number from within the same city, omit the city code. When calling to another city within Indonesia, use the entire city code. When calling from outside Indonesia, omit the first digit (0) from the city code.
15. VISITORS INFORMATION
Directorate General of Tourism (DGT)
Jalan Kramat Raya 81
P. O. Box 409
Jakarta
Tel (021) 310-3117
Fax: (021)3101146
The DGT is under the direction of the Department of Tourism - Post and Telecommunications, which has offices in all major tourist destinations. These offices are known as Kanwil Depparpostel or Regional Offices of Tourism.
Each of the 27 provinces of Indonesia has its own tourist office, which is known as Diparda (provincial tourist service). Each of these offices can offer information and assistance for their area.
Diparda Tk. I Lampung
Jalan W.R. Supratman No. 39
Gunung Mas
Bandar Lampung 35111
Tel (0721) 42565 or (0721) 61720
Diparda DKI Jakarta
Jalan Abdurrohim 2
Kuningan Barat
Jakarta 12710
Tel (021) 510738 or (021) 511073 or (021) 511369
Diparda Tk. I Jawa Barat
Jalan Cipaganti 151-153
Bandung 40161
West Java
Tel (022) 81490
Fax: (022) 87976
Diparda Tk. I Kalimantan Barat
Jalan Achmad Sood No. 25
Pontianak 78121
West Kalimantan
Tel (0561) 36712
Diparda Tk. I Sumatera Utara
Jalan Jend. A. Yani No. 107
Medan 20151
North Sumatra
Tel (061) 511101
Diparda Tk. I Sumatra Selatan
Jalan Bay Salim No. 200
Palembang 30126
South Sumatra
Tel (0711) 24981 or (0711) 28305
Diparda D.I. Yogyakarta
Jalan Malioboro 14
Yogyakarta 55213
Tel (0274) 62811 Ext. 218, 224
Indonesian Tourist Promotion Office (ITPO)
Public Relations Agency
Garuda Indonesia Office
4 Bligh Street
P. O. Box 3836
Sydney 2000
NSW, Australia
Tel (02) 2326044
ITPO
Wiessenthutten Strasse 17
Frankfurt am Maim 1
Germany
Tel (069) 233677
Fax (069) 230840
ITPO
2nd Floor, Sankaido Building
1-9-13 Akasaka, Minatoku
Tokyo 107
Japan
Tel (03) 3585-3588 or (03) 3586-9736
Fax: (03)35821397
ITPO
10, Collyer Quay 15-07
Ocean Building
Singapore 0104
Tel 534-2837 or 534-1795
Fax: 5334287
ITPO 3457 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA 90010
USA
Tel 213-387-2078
Fax: 213-380-4876
16. USEFUL PHRASES
Good Morning - Selamat pagi
Good day - Selamat siang
Good evening - Selamat sore
Good night - Selamat malam
Goodbye - Selamat tinggal (said by those leaving to people staying)
Goodbye - Selamat jelan (said by those staying to people leaving)
Thank you - Terima kasih
How are you? - Apa kabar?
I'm fine - Kabar baik
How much? - Berapa
I don't understand - Saya tidak mengerti
What is this? - Apa ini?
I'm sorry - Maafkan saya
Excuse me - Permisi, Ma'af
Licensing Terminal Server in Windows Server 2003 R2
From :http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003
Terminal Services functionality in Windows Server 2003 R2 lets you remotely execute applications on a Windows-based server from a wide range of devices over virtually any type of network connection. A server running Terminal Services can be referred to as a Terminal Server (TS).
Terminal Server Licensing Requirements
Windows Server License
The Windows Server 2003 R2 licensing model requires a server license for each copy of the server software installed. Terminal Services functionality is included in the Windows Server license.
Windows Server Client Access License
In addition to a server license, a Windows Server Client Access License (CAL) is required. If you wish to conduct a Windows session, an incremental Terminal Server Client Access License (TS CAL) is required as well. A Windows session is defined as a session during which the server software hosts a graphical user interface on a device. For Windows sessions, a TS CAL is required for each user or device.
Device-based versus User-based Terminal Server CALs
Two types of Terminal Server Client Access Licenses are available: TS Device CAL or TS User CAL.
A TS Device CAL permits one device (used by any user) to conduct Windows Sessions on any of your servers.
A TS User CAL permits one user (using any device) to conduct Windows Sessions on any of your servers.
You may choose to use a combination of TS Device CALs and TS User CALs simultaneously with the server software.
Terminal Server Client Access Licensing Mode
Terminal Server CALs are available in Per User/Per Device mode only. In Per User or Per Device mode, a separate TS CAL is required for each user or device that accesses or uses the server software on any server. You may reassign a TS CAL from one device to another device, or from one user to another user, provided the reassignment is made either (a) permanently away from the one device or user or (b) temporarily to accommodate the use of the TS CAL either by a loaner device, while a permanent device is out of service, or by a temporary worker, while a regular employee is absent.
TS CALs are not available in Per Server mode as Windows sessions are not allowed in Per Server mode.
Note: To use User and Device TS CALs simultaneously on one Terminal Server, the server must be configured for Per User TS CAL mode. Failure to have the appropriate number of User CALs or Device CALs for each device or user connecting to the server is a violation of the license agreement.
Terminal Server CAL Changes
The following licensing changes have been made with regard to Terminal Server Client Access Licenses.
Removal of Operating System Equivalency in Terminal Server
With Windows 2000 Server Terminal Server licensing, if a client device is running the most recent version of the Windows desktop operating system, a TS CAL is not required to satisfy the licensing requirement. However, with Windows Server 2003, a TS CAL is required for each device or user using Terminal Server functionality, irrespective of which desktop operating system is running on the device.
Terminal Server Licensing Transition Plan
Microsoft realizes that the removal of operating system equivalency will affect customers and is committed to accommodating existing Microsoft customers who would like to take advantage of Windows Server 2003 features.
Every Windows XP Professional desktop license that you own on the date of the public launch of Windows Server 2003 (April 24, 2003) is eligible for a Windows Server 2003 TS CAL.
Terminal Services functionality in Windows Server 2003 R2 lets you remotely execute applications on a Windows-based server from a wide range of devices over virtually any type of network connection. A server running Terminal Services can be referred to as a Terminal Server (TS).
Terminal Server Licensing Requirements
Windows Server License
The Windows Server 2003 R2 licensing model requires a server license for each copy of the server software installed. Terminal Services functionality is included in the Windows Server license.
Windows Server Client Access License
In addition to a server license, a Windows Server Client Access License (CAL) is required. If you wish to conduct a Windows session, an incremental Terminal Server Client Access License (TS CAL) is required as well. A Windows session is defined as a session during which the server software hosts a graphical user interface on a device. For Windows sessions, a TS CAL is required for each user or device.
Device-based versus User-based Terminal Server CALs
Two types of Terminal Server Client Access Licenses are available: TS Device CAL or TS User CAL.
A TS Device CAL permits one device (used by any user) to conduct Windows Sessions on any of your servers.
A TS User CAL permits one user (using any device) to conduct Windows Sessions on any of your servers.
You may choose to use a combination of TS Device CALs and TS User CALs simultaneously with the server software.
Terminal Server Client Access Licensing Mode
Terminal Server CALs are available in Per User/Per Device mode only. In Per User or Per Device mode, a separate TS CAL is required for each user or device that accesses or uses the server software on any server. You may reassign a TS CAL from one device to another device, or from one user to another user, provided the reassignment is made either (a) permanently away from the one device or user or (b) temporarily to accommodate the use of the TS CAL either by a loaner device, while a permanent device is out of service, or by a temporary worker, while a regular employee is absent.
TS CALs are not available in Per Server mode as Windows sessions are not allowed in Per Server mode.
Note: To use User and Device TS CALs simultaneously on one Terminal Server, the server must be configured for Per User TS CAL mode. Failure to have the appropriate number of User CALs or Device CALs for each device or user connecting to the server is a violation of the license agreement.
Terminal Server CAL Changes
The following licensing changes have been made with regard to Terminal Server Client Access Licenses.
Removal of Operating System Equivalency in Terminal Server
With Windows 2000 Server Terminal Server licensing, if a client device is running the most recent version of the Windows desktop operating system, a TS CAL is not required to satisfy the licensing requirement. However, with Windows Server 2003, a TS CAL is required for each device or user using Terminal Server functionality, irrespective of which desktop operating system is running on the device.
Terminal Server Licensing Transition Plan
Microsoft realizes that the removal of operating system equivalency will affect customers and is committed to accommodating existing Microsoft customers who would like to take advantage of Windows Server 2003 features.
Every Windows XP Professional desktop license that you own on the date of the public launch of Windows Server 2003 (April 24, 2003) is eligible for a Windows Server 2003 TS CAL.
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